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South Africa 1948-1964
How did South Africa evolve over the 20th century from colony to apartheid to freedom?
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Describe S Africa at the start of the period
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What was apartheid?
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How was it implemented?
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What effects did it have on people and their lives?
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How was it opposed?
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How was the apartheid regime defeated?
What was Apartheid and how was it implemented?
Bottaro 118-123 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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118-119 - What were the roots of segregation in South Africa?
119-121 - How did segregation affect people's lives day to day?
121-122 - How did WW2 impact S African politics + society?
122-123 - What happened in the 1948 election and how did it impact S Africa?
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Bottaro 124-134 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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124. - What was apartheid?
124 - What two Acts of 1949-50 underpinned apartheid and why?
125 - Why was the Population Registration Act so important to these Acts and apartheid?
125-127 - How were the population segregated?
127. - How were amenities segregated?
127-128 - How was education segregated?
128-129 - How were urban populations controlled - why didn't these urban influx laws work?
129-131 - What were townships, why were they built, and how did the Govt implement them?
131-132 - What was the homelands policy and what were the ideas behind it?
132-133 - What was life like on these homelands?
133-134 - How were the people of South Africa disenfranchised, stripped of the vote?
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How was Apartheid opposed?
Bottaro 146-150 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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146. - What was the early opposition to segregation?
147-148 - What opposition evolved over WW2?
149-150 - How did opposition to segregation evolve after WW2?
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Bottaro 151-162 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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151. - What was the ANC's programme of action?
151-52 - How did the Defiance Campaign work and how successful was it?
153. - What was the Freedom Charter and how effective was it?
154 - How did the Government respond in 1956 with what results?
155-56 - Outline the role of women in this struggle?
157. - How was communal resistance organised?
158-59 - What was the PAC and how did it clash with the Freedom Charter?
160-61 - What were pass laws and how were these protested against?
161-62 - How did these protests culminate in the Sharpeville Massacre with what results??
162 - What happened in Cape Town a week later? Why are these two events important?
Bottaro 164-171 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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164. - What was the background to escalating international protests vs apartheid?
164-5 - Who were the AAM, what were their aims + how did these change after Sharpeville
165. - Who was Trevor Huddleston?
165-66 - How did the AAM organise protests against apartheid?
166-67 - Outline the role of the UN in this struggle?
167. - What was UN Resolution 1761 + what did it signify?
167-69 - How did the international situation change in 1963 + what was its impact in the UN?
169-70 - What were the attitudes of Western governments towards apartheid
Bottaro 171-179 - read, highlight, use qs to create bullet point notes
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171. - How did Sharpeville massacre affect protest in S Africa ?
171-72 - How did Government repression after Sharpeville affect the ANC + PAC?
172-74. - How did the ANC start to organise armed resistance?
174-75 - How did the PAC start armed resistance? Who were the ARM?
175-76 - How did the Government respond + what were the results?
176-78 - Who was put on trial in the Rivonia Trial 63-64 and what happened as a result?
179. - What was the situation in S Africa by the end of 1964?
Who was FW de Klerk and what is his legacy?
- top image - FW de Klerk obituary 11/11/21 (written before 2019)
- bottom images - assessments of de Klerk's legacy
